ABSTRACT
This conclusion presents some closing thoughts covered in the preceding chapters of this book. In Buffalo and Milwaukee, a largely public sector response to deindustrialization was observed, while a more private sector orientation was detected in Detroit and Cleveland. Mayor Griffin and other city officials made most of the early economic development decisions in Buffalo. Columbus and Cincinnati also brought together fairly broad economic development coalitions to deal with deindustrialization, but did so with more representation from the private sector. Milwaukee's efforts to get ahead of the curve were part of a conscious decision to use economic and industrial development tools to respond to the challenges of deindustrialization. Data collected for the purposes of this research have been immensely useful in terms of identifying the different economic development approaches that regions used to respond to deindustrialization. Longer-term implications in light of the Great Recession close out this chapter and the book.
