ABSTRACT
This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on concepts discussed in this book. The book gives the importance of states having a greater role in economies in a way that is responsible to societies. The radicalism that will be needed in the coming decades in the Global South has to be sufficiently discerning as to not dismantle the state's capacities but at the same time wage a struggle to democratise governments and hold them responsible for the cause of justice. Banking has moved so far away from funding industrial growth and economic development that it now benefits primarily at the economy's expense in a predator-like extractive manner, not by making productive loans. Banks now lend mainly to other financial institutions, hedge funds, corporate raiders, insurance companies and real estate, and engage in their own speculation in foreign currency, interest-rate arbitrage, and computer-driven trading programs.
