ABSTRACT
The chapter demonstrates organizational capacity to sustain the effort. In the Apply step of the model teachers carry out the collaboratively designed lesson plans and utilize a number of formative assessment practices designed to engage students in the learning process in deeper, more substantive ways than is typically the case. During this step, teachers and instructional leaders are able to ascertain which aspects of their planning and implementation were effective, which showed promise, and which seemed to miss the mark. The following sections that outline the cycle of formative Data Based Decision Making (DBDM), the infusion of pedagogy plays a central role in the model that allows school leaders and teachers to better understand students' misconceptions and possible instructional deficits. Throughout the formative DBDM cycle, continually reference back to how students are being engaged in the process.
