ABSTRACT
The paradigmatic picture is of two individuals fighting for a single prize. However, what may be lost in the pessimistic view of struggle is that adaptive competition is for status in dominance hierarchies. Preparation and training for the contest or struggle take place in the preimpact phase. Much enterprise, seduction, and intimidation may go into preliminary jostling. The impact phase is marked by actual contest or struggle. Truth appears to be that power and wealth ensure survival in the struggles of the world and happiness. Lack of wisdom prevents seeing the seeds of revolution one is sowing, for eventually the oppressors are overthrown. In summary, competition promises the advantages of power and wealth and hierarchical order. However, it may result in scramble and deadly struggle. Intragroup power struggles are common in work and politics. Revolutions against oppression make up much of history.
