ABSTRACT
The nature of the petroleum industry and the history of violence associated with it have naturally made oil companies security risk-averse. Oil companies prefer to run safe and secure operations without unnecessary disruptions or interferences. In cases when the coastal state does not have sufficient capabilities to provide adequate protection to offshore installations operating on its continental shelf, oil companies and offshore installation operators may be prompted to take the initiative. The petroleum industry, through national and international industry associations has been actively involved in the development of international, national and industry standards and guidelines including those relating to security. Over the years, the oil and gas industry and individual oil companies have developed comprehensive management systems, standards and policies that address the security and protection aspects of their assets.
