ABSTRACT
This chapter examines a key work stress factor without which it is difficult to integrate all the other parts. A well-known Michigan model from ISR is the Person-Environment Fit model. Expectancy theory of motivation is a general theory rather than a work-specific theory. It relates to the relatively un-researched time facet of job stress from the Beehr and Newman model. Uncertainty has been a concept of theoretical interest at all levels of organizational psychology, but especially at the more macro levels. The uncertainty model of Beehr and Bhagat fits within the meta-model of job stress. Pearce noted that role ambiguity has been operationalized differently in different research articles, but primarily in two ways: as unpredictability or information deficiency. Pradine's role ambiguity measure was composed of two types of items: inadequate information regarding the consequences of the employee's actions and insufficient information concerning the outcomes of the employee's actions.
