ABSTRACT
Three biographical sketches were published about Geddes during his lifetime, all tending to his role as a town planner or at least a re-maker of the environment. 1 But during his time, Geddes was more commonly applauded for other accomplishments; his role as a planner and his overall contribution to town planning were not clear. 2 Geddes’ early urban work and related activities in Edinburgh were described by his colleagues and friends as part of his overall approach to the city and its dwellers, and considered as part of a social, cultural, and physical revival. 3 Geddes’ early work in London was reported only by his supporters. 4
