ABSTRACT
An early attempt to capitalize on the multidimensionality were the subscales developed by Harris and Lingoes. They attempted to formulate dimensionally homogeneous subscales from each of the clinical scales using their combined clinical judgment. Calvin set up seven criteria, some of which were clinically based such as diagnosis and patient’s attitude toward a significant other as reported by the significant other and by the patient, and the patient’s view of his/her reason for admission. Individual Harris and Lingoes subscales have occasionally appeared in experimental work. Any statistical technique that employs samples is subject to error and that includes factor analysis and similar mathematical techniques. In the 1960s, Tryon and his associates developed a mathematical method for creating independent scales from a large item pool using a special procedure known as cluster analysis which is similar to the usual factor analytic techniques.
