ABSTRACT
(p. 125) There is confusion among people with respect to the nature of deductive ideas derived from the mentalistic approach and the scientific ideas derived from the scientific approach. As a result of of such confusion, they consider research in psychology, sociology and education a science and consider the ideas of such research scientific. The reason is that such research has been based either on observation of children under different circumstances or on actions by different persons under different circumstances; the repetition of these observations has thus been termed ‘experiments’. The truth is that ideas of psychology, sociology and education are not scientific ideas, as scientific ideas involve the subjection of matter to circumstances and factors other than its original circumstances and factors and the observation of the effect of such subjection; that is to say, conducting experiments on the same matter as is done in physics and chemistry.
