ABSTRACT
It is clear that there were still many non-Muslims, who were probably the majority almost everywhere in the proportion of ten to one in Turkish population, according to William of Rubruck. A more precise study of the situation is rendered difficult by the fact that, apart from the Jacobites, our only sources about the relevant confessions come from outside Seljukid territory. The cross-currents of politics and religion could at one time or another favour or prejudice good relations between the Turks and one or other of the Christian Churches in their states. A kind of documentation gives some information about Greek Christianity, especially in Cappadocia. It is well known that owing to a topography abounding in cliffs, subterranean 'rock churches' were built there, to be rediscovered as one of the great events of the twentieth century for the history of Byzantine art. The relations between Turks and Armenians appear somewhat differently from those between Turks and Greeks.
