ABSTRACT
The motto of the July Monarchy was 'Liberty and Order'. The electoral and educational systems combined to restrict liberty to those with capacite. The maintenance of public order was always the prime requisite for politicians who never forgot that their power was based on insurrection. The regime was often bleakly referred to by the month of its invention, the 'Judy' Monarchy. The Orleanists claimed to represent, not an ideology, but a 'middle way', a predictable paranoia after years of revolution. The July Monarchy witnessed a comprehensive revolution in a variety of forms of communication which served the cause of Orleanist 'Order'. The Orleanists never forgot that their power depended, not on parliamentary majorities, but on the military, and this meant the army, because the National Guard, despite the interminable portraits made of Louis-Philippe in its uniform, proved as unwilling to suppress popular unrest as they had during the Restoration.
