ABSTRACT
The fourth development tier, as its name implies, is conceptualized as being among the main areas of origin of migration to the principal destinations. This does not mean that there are no destinations for migration within the labour frontier: there are many. Again, the artificiality of drawing clear boundaries between spatial regions is highlighted. It could be argued that some of the areas included in this development tier could be more appropriately considered within the rapidly expanding core tier. The Jakarta extended metropolitan area, or central Chile, would perhaps be two of the most obvious examples. Yet, no part of the region as defined in Fig. 2.2 appears to have the pulling power, either at present or in the immediate future, to attract large numbers of migrants from more than a local or national hinterland. On the contrary, this development tier is dependent upon migrants moving outwards to the expanding core, to the cores themselves, and to parts of the final development tier, the resource niche covered in Chapter 7.
