ABSTRACT

Statistics of population, occupation, and location revealed a society which was becoming extended, urbanized, and industrialized as never before. At the 1871 census the population of England taken by itself totalled almost 21,300,000 men, women, and children. The population of England and Wales taken together had grown more than two-and-a-half fold since the start of the century:

England and Wales

United Kingdom

1801

8,900,000

15,900,000

1831

13,900,000

24,000,000

1851

17,900,000

27,400,000

1861

20,000,000

28,900,000

1871

22,700,000

31,500,000

1881

26,000,000

34,900,000

The Preliminary Report upon the 1871 census remarked complacently how during Queen Victoria's 'happy reign' 5,900,000 people had been added to the total of her subjects, 'not by the seizure of neighbouring territories, but mainly the enterprise, industry, and virtue of her people'.