ABSTRACT
Environment may be defined as the external conditions and influences affecting the life and development of organisms. In the 1920s systems theory was developed by ecologists as a means of assessing the laws governing the life of organisms. In the 1920s systems theory was developed by ecologists as a means of assessing the laws governing the life of organisms. The biosphere is composed of many interacting ecosystems, the boundaries between which are seldom sharp and often take the form of transition zones known as ecotones. The former is primarily concerned with management of land and renewable resources and may be described as a process of decision-making, whereby resources are allocated after consideration of environmental, economic and cultural aspects. One of the main goals of environmental management, sustainable development, may involve trade-offs and the loss of immediate benefits from resource and environment exploitation to ensure longer-term utility.
