ABSTRACT
The traditional canon of first-generation studies of the phenomenon of nationalism is dominated by the names of four American writers: Hayes, Kohn, Shafer and Snyder. Among their many publications on nationalism are the following major works. C. Hayes, Essays on Nationalism (1926), The Historical Evolution of Modern Nationalism (1931) and Nationalism: A Religion (1960). H. Kohn, The Idea of Nationalism: A Study in its Origin and Background (1944), Nationalism: Its Meaning and History (1955) and The Age of Nationalism (1962). B.C. Shafer, Nationalism: Interpreters and Interpretations (1963), Faces of Nationalism: New Realities and Old Myths (1972), Nationalism: Its Nature and Interpreters (1976) and Nationalism and Internationalism: Belonging in Human Experience (1982). L.L. Snyder, The Meaning of Nationalism (1954), The Dynamics of Nationalism (1964) and Varieties of Nationalism: A Comparative Study (1976). The post-Second World War debate on the phenomenon of nationalism was prompted partly by E.H. Carr's valedictory Nationalism and After (1948) but especially K. W. Deutsch's seminal Nationalism and Social Communication: An Enquiry into the Foundations of Nationality (1953). A spate of studies of individual aspects of nationalism appeared in the course of the early 1960s: S.W. Baron, Modern Nationalism and Religion (1960), K.W. Deutsch and WJ. Foltz (eds), Nation-Building (1963), E. Gellner, Thought and Change (1964), L. Doob, Patriotism and Nationalism: Their Psychological Foundations (1964), A. Kemilainen, Nationalism: Problems Concerning the Word, Concept and Classification (1964) and B. Akzin, State and Nation (1964). Two more general and synoptic attempts to sum up current thinking on nationalism were E. Kedourie, Nationalism (1960) and K.R. Minogue, Nationalism (1967). The later 1960s and 1970s witnessed the publication of a rich variety of studies of nationalism, with a particular contribution from the anthropological viewpoint which included F. Barth (ed.), Ethnic Groups and Boundaries (1969), R. Ardrey, The Territorial Imperative (l962 and 1970),j.A. Fishman, Language and Nationalism (1973) and H.R. Isaacs, Idols of the Tribe: Group Identity and Political Change (1975). The relationship of nationalism and Marxism was also considered in C.C. Herod, The Nation in the History of Marxian Thought (1976) and H.B. Davis, Toward a Marxist Theory of Nationalism (1978). E. Kamenka (ed.), Nationalism: The Nature and Evolution of an Idea (976) again attempted a more general interpretation of the phenomenon.
