ABSTRACT

Ideologies can be traced to modernity; they would not have a practical impact on political economic practices until the nineteenth century. Such responses evidence crucial linkages among personhood, nationalism, and property. These ideological impulses concern not just property and the person, but also how these relate to collectivized entities: as autonomous individuals; as equal individuals; or as a redeemed collectivity. These different manifestations can be viewed from the political, economic, and societal perspective. As a general rule, Liberty views the individual as the basic unit, while Liberality and especially Liberation, and see collectivities as constituting society. Liberty gives priority to freedom over equality and, in the pursuit of wealth, it is freedom from others or state interference that matters, rather than freedom of or positive freedoms, as in Liberality. Ideologies associated with Liberality developed when the dislocations of industrialized capitalism began to destabilize societies.