ABSTRACT
A clause may be non-rankshifted or rankshifted. The normal place of occurrence of a unit is in the structure of the unit next above on the rank scale, so a clause normally operates in the structure of the sentence: this is its non-rankshifted position. If a clause operates in the structure of a unit below itself, it is regarded as being rankshifted. The free clause which correlates with the contextual function of the sentence, the bound clause not being related in most cases, and we said that it is the 'mood' system that provides the relevant options. The system of mood has three terms: affirmative, interrogative and imperative. It is usual in 'scale-and-category' grammar to subdivide bound clauses into three classes: conditioning, additioning and reported. The conditioning clauses correspond pretty well to the traditional adverb clauses, the additioning to non-defining adjective or non-restrictive relative clauses, and the reported to noun clauses.
