ABSTRACT
Linguistics is often called the Science of Language and in many ways this is justified since it is concerned with observing facts about language, setting up hypotheses, testing their validity and accepting or rejecting them accordingly. Linguistic analysis begins with the identification of the sounds of speech, shows how these are combined into contrasting groups and meaningful elements and examines the structure of words and their relationships in larger structures. Phonetics is the study of the articulation, transmission and perception of speech sounds. Phonology is the application of phonetics to a particular language or languages. Grammar is a term often used by linguists to refer both to the structure of words and their arrangement in sentences namely Lexis and Semantics. Lexis involves the study of vocabulary, particularly those aspects which are outside the range of grammar. Semantics is the study of all aspects of meaning in language, and examines the relationship between words and the concepts to which they refer.
