ABSTRACT
The human settlements that mirror mines show great geographic diversity. There are towns, like Broken Hill (Australia), Sudbury (Canada), Outokumpu (Finland) and Ouro Preto (Brazil) that were founded by mining. There are places like Cornwall (England) and the Kolar Gold Fields (India) that have followed the boom and the bust. There are towns like Sewell (Chile) and Viivikonna (Estonia) that are now home to ghosts. There are mining towns like Johannesburg (South Africa), Denver (United States) and Kuala Lumpar (Malaysia) that have become metropolitan capitals. And there are cities like Toronto (Canada), Perth (Australia), London (United Kingdom) and Santiago (Chile) that are the capitals of mining finance.
