ABSTRACT
Chapter 5 is devoted to an analysis on the transformation of public insurances from the CPE to the mixed economy, focusing the process of evolution, main characteristics of each program, and policy outcomes. It tries to highlight the deficiencies in the designs of early public insurances, such as PFMC, LIMC and RCMC, the issues of disintegration, remedial responses as well as policy precedents that feed back to the fresh round of policymaking. The study suggests that the government does try to provide solutions to affordable care, but it follows different approaches for various sectors of the population. The study will make an attempt to highlight how the enhanced BMCI differs from NRCMCI and URCMI with special reference to catastrophic medical events. Also, it discusses the progress and issues of implementation. It accordingly reviews the key features of the enhanced BMCI for the employed personnel in urban area that took shape in 1998 and put into full-scale implementation in 2001, NRCMCI starting in 2003 and URCMI beginning in 2007.
