ABSTRACT
This chapter argues that displacement will be approached from three intertwined areas: the physical displacement of peoples, the displacement of businesses, and the displacement of cultures. Displacement of people, or ‘population displacement’, means a forcible movement of people from their regular place of habitation. Direct displacement involves the physical removal of people from their usual place of residency or habitat; indirect displacement involves loss of livelihood, and subsequent impoverishment. Tourism Concern also warns that direct and indirect displacement do not happen overnight. Local residents are frequently more euphoric about the social and economic prospects resulting from tourism during the initial phases of development. Brazil hosted the 2007 Pan-American Games, the 2014 Football World Cup, and the 2016 Summer Olympic Games. Inequality and rising property values can cause displacement in communities where gentrification takes hold. Both natural and human-made disasters have had significant impact on tourism destinations, causing major displacement.
