ABSTRACT
Co-creation involves working together to promote knowledge processes and innovation. The balance between competition and cooperation, embodied in the concept of co-creation, leads to constructive criticism and the necessary scope of knowledge that exists in the network so as to promote creativity and the innovative. The concept was popular in the strategy literature of the 1990s. Core competence may be defined as: “a bundle of skills and technologies that enable a company to provide a particular benefit to customers”. From a systemic perspective, social systems can be conceptual or concrete. Theories and analytical models are examples of conceptual systems. The misunderstanding involves confusing our concepts concerning facts and our hypotheses about the facts together with the facts. A symbol should symbolize something, just as a concept should delineate something. A hypothesis should explain something or express something about relationships.
