ABSTRACT
Leadership is a quality which all effective managers must themselves possess and must encourage in others; nevertheless the temptation to elevate it to some all-encompassing notion, or see it as a panacea, sometimes appears irresistible. An appreciation of the skills required for effective leadership and the self-discipline demanded on the part of both the leader and the led, in refining these skills, can do much to improve the effectiveness of the organisation. A. Mant's distinction between raider and builder modes of thought which determine the actions of leaders and responses to them is valuable, particularly as he maintains that it is virtually impossible for individuals to move readily between the states. The first use of multiple-leadership behaviour descriptions was by K. Lewin, R. Lippett, and R. K. White who, following an experimental study, classified three styles, democratic, autocratic and laissez-faire. The study of motivation is, in effect, the study of human psychology, because almost all behaviour has some definable purpose.
