ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses various climate change impacts and outlooks, with international examples. Climate changes and global warming have led to large-scale, long-term changes in the earth’s weather patterns and more extreme weather incidents affecting various cities. Global warming has resulted in serious melting of the polar ice cap and glaciers globally. These accelerated ice melting incidents are expecting to continue to increase globally. Studies have shown that carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the key greenhouse gases contributing to global warming. Most man-made emissions of CO2 have resulted mainly from the burning of fossil fuels, especially coal and oil, plus various industrial plus human activities. Global warming and climate changes have led to serious impacts on oceans around the whole planet. These serious climate-induced ocean impacts included higher sea temperatures, rising sea levels, increased sea acidity and worsening marine life ecosystems. Climate change and global warming are two serious threats to coral reef ecosystems globally.
