This chapter examines the open justice principle, which makes the UK courts unique in that all courts are open to the public and members of the media. The open justice principle and judicial independence are fundamental to the rule of law, and the integrity of the UK court system depends upon a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial tribunal. The government was reviewing the impact of legal aid cuts at that time which had led to a growing number of litigants without representation, including in domestic violence cases. A court martial hearing is presided over by a Judge Advocate and a board of up to seven military members, individuals with no legal training much like a jury in civilian courts. Data retention and investigatory powers act 2014 consolidated interception powers that existed under the regulation of investigatory powers act 2000 and wireless telegraphy act 2006.