ABSTRACT
One growing trend in the field of Islamic education in Indonesia and Malaysia over the past three decades has been the increasing popularity of integrated Islamic schools, especially among Muslim middle- and upper-middle-class professionals. This chapter presents three factors that have allowed integrated Islamic schools in Indonesia and Malaysia to circumvent control of the state and engage in ideological indoctrination of their students. The factors include the complicity of state institutions that oversee Islamic education; state Islamic orthodoxies that permit such practices to take place; and the financial autonomy enjoyed by integrated Islamic schools. The chapter discusses the historical factors that gave birth to campus dakwah movements, which established integrated Islamic schools as part of their ideological indoctrination efforts. It concludes by showing that despite the differences in the way the states in Indonesia and Malaysia manage their Islamic education system, integrated Islamic schools keep growing in popularity and are able to continue their ideological indoctrination unimpeded by the state.
