ABSTRACT
This chapter provides detailed guidance for top-level analysis, design, and evaluation for both task and topic expertise. Top-level instructional design aims to create a “fuzzy vision” of the instruction, including big-picture content, sequencing, and instructional methods for instruction, offering greater opportunity for creativity and coherence in the instruction. The purpose of the top-level analysis is to begin to determine what to teach and how to teach it. The chapter provides many examples for different types of topic expertise and different types of task expertise. This allows the reader to perceive the applicability of the instructional design approach and its general principles across different areas of academic subject matter and different professional and job contexts. Task expertise exists on a scope continuum from very narrow expertise to very broad or comprehensive expertise. It also can be described on a description continuum from very precise (detailed description) to very vague (general description).
