ABSTRACT
This chapter shows that each of the dominant managerial ideologies under organized capitalism contributed to legitimate the existing order and the access to the structure of social privilege of those with knowledge of specific disciplines. It analyzes how the different ideologies legitimated organized capitalism. By the turn of the nineteenth century, Taylorism emerged as the dominant managerial ideology, marking the birth of management as a discipline. The human relations ideology endowed legitimation to the experts in social sciences, who gradually joined the engineers in the management of the companies and achieved their own place in the structure of social privilege. The human relations school fulfilled a legitimating role for the existing order since it discarded the notion that social conflict was intrinsic to capitalism, by depicting society as a stable order in which individual and social pathologies were reduced, moderated, and even eliminated.
