ABSTRACT
This chapter contains seven 'S's framework; the principles on which it is based; underlying assumptions; guidance on application, and relevant issues; and related models. The seven 'S's framework shows central interconnected factors that influence the organization's effectiveness, especially its ability to change. Seven factors interact to form the whole model are structure, strategy, systems, superordinate goals, skills, staff, and style. Most carefully planned strategies do not work because of inattention to the other factors. An organization is most effective when all the factors are coordinated. Systems are perhaps the most important factor within the model. Organizational change without disruption may be achieved most effectively by changing the systems. Even if structure and strategy are changed, the organization may remain ineffective until its supporting systems are aligned. Superordinate goals are absent in most organizations, but are evident in the superior performers. An organization facing significant environmental change may need to dismantle an existing skills portfolio and add new skills.
