ABSTRACT
This chapter begins with what is perhaps the most difficult of all arguments for the existence of God: the ontological argument. There are several reasons for the absence of arguments for God's existence in the Bible. The ontological argument is an attempt to argue for God's existence on purely a priori grounds, and what is distinctive about the argument is that it makes no appeal to sense experience or to alleged facts about the world. To prove the God of traditional Jewish and Christian belief, the cosmological argument must point to the existence of a necessary being. Basic to the cosmological type of argument is the notion of contingency, which is closely connected with the idea of dependence. The Kalam argument incorporates the ideas of contingency and causality and rejects the possibility of an infinite series of causes.
