ABSTRACT
In this chapter I draw conclusions on complex and multi-dimensional encounters with difference in both Manchester and Barcelona explored in this book. I discuss the key empirical findings by reflecting on different forms of conviviality, the importance of spatio-temporal characteristics and gendered, classed and raced dynamics. I reflect on the question of difference which often becomes an integral part of everyday interaction. Many accounts discussed in this book show that ethnic and religious differences are not necessarily a hindrance to conviviality. In fact, they become an important resource for everyday interaction permitting the possibility to be different. While this book acknowledges that social dynamics between different groups and individuals are often influenced by the hierarchies of race, ethnicity, gender, class and religion, it also shows the way in which differences are negotiated, and the way in which they create some elements of sameness. Finally, I draw on some reflections of my interviewees about the future of Manchester and Barcelona. The narratives raised the issue of uncertainty as a result of Brexit in the UK, and Catalan independence movements in Catalonia, contributing to some fears about potential anti-immigrant attitudes in the near future. However, there are grounds for optimism. Several women offered a vision of peaceful coexistence which carries a notion of ‘common humanity’ and hope for less strained relations as a result of habitual encounters which have the potential to break some barriers and facilitate the learning process enabling individuals to rethink their perceptions of others, disrupt preconceived ideas, stereotypes and facilitate more positive ways of living together.
