ABSTRACT
Team participation should never occur until the management team is participating in the cultural change activities, if we do not want the employee to believe that they are being manipulated. Our culture in most organizations has changed for the worse over the past 50 years. There has been a deluge of technical reports, consultants' presentations, and books talking about how we need to improve organizational performance and how important mission statements, vision statements, values, goals, and so on are to an organization. In early twentieth century, IBM managers knew the names of all of their employees' children and what they were planning to do with their lives. Moreover, each employee had a career plan and was trained to think about what job he or she wanted until retirement at age 65. Things have changed at IBM since authors' retirement in 1985. IBM used to have an annual dinner and dance for employees who had been with them more than 25 years.
