ABSTRACT

This conclusion presents some closing thoughts on the concepts covered in the preceding chapters of this book. The book highlights numerous difficulties in relation to tackling corruption globally, including entrenched practices, lacking laws, inefficient institutions and the lack of enforcement capabilities of multilateral organisations and international instruments. It discusses the UK's work on anti-corruption in developing countries. The chapter examines the multilateral and bilateral aid delivery channels, each have their own strengths and weaknesses. It also examines the significant proliferation of legal agreements and multilateral conventions on anti-corruption. The chapter explains the limit extends to which individuals use to empower the international legal mechanisms and access multilateral organisations' institutional mechanisms to seek justice on the one hand, and on the other hand to be sanctioned by mechanisms. It demonstrates the causes, motivations and effects of corruption, and the subsequent means that may be effective in tackling it, are equally numerous.