ABSTRACT
This chapter discusses the design of the institutions and rules of collective governance. It explains to unpick the tension between the fact that there are too many institutions in development and in governance, and yet collective governance needs institutions in order to survive and develop. Collective solutions to governance challenges need to be carefully designed and calibrated to avoid ineffective bureaucracies failing to exceed a lowest common denominator of limited value. Awareness of the challenges of governing natural resources was becoming stronger among companies and the development community. Each constituency decides its own rules governing the appointment of members of the Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative (EITI) Association. The EITI International Secretariat was hosted by the UK government's Department for International Development until 2007, and most of the national secretariats reside within government ministries. In building institutions involving different stakeholders, it must be taken into account that different stakeholders work at different speeds and with different priorities.
