ABSTRACT
Three main steps for carrying out an integrated assessment of strategies and policies are: designing potential interventions, assessing interventions and selecting viable intervention options and indicators. Generally, there are three main categories of possible interventions that public authorities and corporate leaders can implement in order to influence the course of events and modify a system's future behaviour. These are: capital investments, incentive/disincentive measures and laws, standards or regulations. Capital investments are the most direct intervention to stimulate and accelerate change within a system. Prior to implementing selected intervention options, decision makers should use the available tools to 'test' a system's responses to external pressures. Systemic thinking allows us to identify and use several options to solve a problem. Among the wide array of possible options, the ones that maximise benefits across sectors and actors at minimum social, economic and environmental costs should be selected.
