ABSTRACT
This chapter focuses on how hospital and community programs' treatment environments influence in-program outcomes, especially clients' satisfaction and self-confidence, interpersonal behavior, and dropout and turnover rates. The foregoing findings imply that treatment environments may influence patients in part because they affect how patients help each other and how staff helps patients. Helping behaviors reflect the social matrix or mediating processes through which the treatment environment affects in-program and perhaps in-community outcomes. High discharge rate programs are moderately supportive, but they do not encourage patients to become involved with the program or to express their feelings openly. Staffs are interested in the patients and tell them when they are making progress, and the patients are proud of the program. The associations between the treatment environment and clients' coping behavior are more focused. Specific aspects of the program are linked to clients' initiatives in consonant areas. Program involvement promotes clients' affiliation; personal problem orientation facilitates clients' self-revelation.
