ABSTRACT
This chapter summarizes the changes of ideology that have occurred in Anglo-American and in Russian civilization over a two-hundred year period. It deals with the historical significance of ideologies of management. The chapter explores the theoretical implications of a study that treats such ideologies as an index of social structure. It turns to the problem of bureaucratization and to the difference between totalitarian and non-totalitarian forms of subordination in industry. Historically, ideologies of management became significant in the transition from a pre-industrial to an industrial society. The change of ideologies of management in Anglo-American and in Russian civilization was similar in so far as it can be characterized as an increased managerial concern with the attitudes of workers that presumably account for their differential productivity.
