ABSTRACT

It was easier for the Communists to run away from the police than to run away from their own problems. Despite the trials of the underground, the unfinished business of the founding conventions could not be postponed. The split in the Communist party took place on April 20, 1920. With Ruthenberg went two other members of the Central Executive Committee, one of them Lovestone (Langley), while ten remained in the old party, including Hourwich (Andrew) and Bittelman (Raphael). The second split in the Communist movement followed the first one by less than seven months. Ruthenberg's rebellion against the Russian federation's domination in 1920 was a direct continuation of the Communist Labor party's rebellion in 1919. The Communist Labor party made its exit from the scene, and the United Communist party came into existence.