Learning and Memory

This chapter reviews the forms of learning, the neural basis of memory, and the behavioral techniques used for the assessment of memory, particularly in the adult. Historically, the search for understanding of how skills and memories are created and then remain a part of the behavioral repertoire has been inspired by models. The model for a memory storage system can be described using computer terminology. Most investigators seem to agree on the existence of a short-term memory store, a long-term memory store, and a search and read-out system. Numerous cortical and subcortical centers of the brain are involved in the preservation of the memory trace. Research conducted on the neurophysiological basis of learning and memory has progressed from a molar and cellular to a molecular approach. Confabulation—nondeliberate fabrication of facts or events in response to questions about situations or events that are not recalled because of memory impairment—is often seen in alcohol amnestic syndrome.