ABSTRACT
Over the past several years, there have been significant changes in the organizational structures and operational procedures of the U.S. workforce (Zunker, 1998). In particular, issues such as unemployment, corporate downsizing, and job retirement have contributed to significant career transitions among many American workers. Willful and unforced changes in employment status, such as retirement and intentional career shifts, are known as voluntary career transitions. Involuntary career transitions are forced changes in job status due to phenomena such as unemployment and corporate downsizing.
