ABSTRACT
For purposes of this text, blood groups are defined as antigen polymorphisms present on erythrocyte surfaces. Human erythrocyte surface membranes contain a variety of blood group antigens. Transfusion reactions occur when an incompatible type of blood is transfused into an individual, which can lead to severe symptoms or even death. Karl Landsteiner discovered the first blood group known as the ABO system in the early 1900s while studying transfusion and transplantation. The discovery made blood transfusions feasible and Landsteiner was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1930.
