ABSTRACT
We’ve already seen the use of time — the use of liberal estimation of lead time — as a buffer against variation (“Murphy”). Safety or security can be provided by types of buffers other than time, as well. Traditionally, inventory has been used for the same purpose that time is used in TOC — to guard against work stoppage. Raw material inventory protects against material shortages. Work-in-process inventory protects against starvation of work centers. And a finished goods inventory protects required shipping dates against stock-outs. But there are still other types of buffers.
