ABSTRACT

It is important to note the extent to which such a principle may be utilised to ensure participation. At one end of the spectrum participation may amount to little more than procedural rights such as the right to seek information, to be consulted before decisions are taken, or to gain access to the courts to challenge decisions. To this extent participation rights are enshrined in Principle 10 of the Rio Declaration 1992 (see p 71, below), in the requirement that EC institutions should be transparent in their decisiontaking (see the WWF case, p 806, below), in the need to ensure access to justice (see Implementing Community Environmental Law, p 828, below), and in the recent liberalisation of standing in the context of UK judicial review proceedings (see, for example, Greenpeace case, p 842, below).