ABSTRACT
Planning is not a new human activity; nor is the planning of human settlements, which began as soon as man imposed himself upon the environment as distinct from living in and off the natural habitats. The description given to the change in methods of production, and the increasing specialisation of both factories and workers in the 19th century, is generally described as the 'Industrial Revolution'. Throughout the 19th century, the main focus of government intervention related to public health issues and it was not until the beginning of the 20th century that land use planning was introduced. However, the Victorian attitude that physical illnesses and social problems could be eliminated by simply providing better housing conditions continued to prevail up to the 1960s and beyond. During the period of the Second World War, little physical development was carried out unless it was directly connected with the paramount needs of equipping and defending the country.
