ABSTRACT
This chapter traces the development of the concepts of integrated water resource management (IWRM) and later developments known as integrated land and water resource management (ILWRM), which recognize the need for the specific inclusion of issues of land use. It describes the attempts to formulate the new ideals. It outlines the new methodologies needed for meeting them, for addressing the crucial issue of balancing the needs of economic development and the environment whilst addressing equity and sustainability requirements. It outlines some of the key organizations and policy developments which have been influenced by, and are also influencing, this evolving process of improved land and water management.
