ABSTRACT
Hunger https://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table">
Undernourishment
Malnutrition
Hidden hunger
Number of people undernourished (millions)
Proportion of undernourished in total population (%)
Prevalence of under-5 children stunting (%)
Prevalence of under-5 children underweight (%)
Prevalence of under-5 children wasting (%)
Iron- deficiency anaemia in women aged 15–49 (%)
Iodine deficiency (% of population with goitre)
Vitamin A deficiency
1990–1992
1995–1997
2003–2005
1990–1992
1995–1997
2003–2005
1990–1992
1995–1997
2003–2005
1990–1992
1995–1997
2003–2005
2000–2006
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
168.8
194.0
212.1
34
34
30
Angola
7.2
7.3
7.1
66
58
46
–
61.7
50.8
–
–
30.5
6
59
33
55
Benin
1.5
1.7
1.6
28
26
19
–
–
43.1
–
–
22.9
7
65
<5
70
Botswana
0.3
0.4
0.5
20
24
26
–
–
29.1
–
–
12.5
5
31
17
30
Burkina Faso
1.3
1.3
1.3
14
12
10
–
–
43.1
32.7
34.3
37.7
23
48
29
46
Burundi
2.6
3.6
4.8
44
57
63
–
–
63.1
–
–
45.1
7
60
42
44
Cameroon
4.3
5.1
4.0
34
35
23
–
36.7
35.4
13.6
21
18.1
6
32
12
36
Cape Verde
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.5
–
–
–
–
–
–
Central African Republic
1.4
1.8
1.8
47
50
43
–
40.2
44.6
–
–
24.3
10
49
11
68
Chad
3.7
3.8
3.8
59
51
39
–
45
44.8
–
–
36.7
14
56
24
45
Comoros
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
41.4
46.9
18.9
–
24.9
8
–
–
–
Congo, Republic of
1.0
1.2
0.8
40
43
22
–
–
31.2
–
13.9
14.4
7
48
36
32
Congo, Dem. Rep. of
11.4
26.5
43.0
29
57
76
–
–
44.4
–
–
31.1
13
54
–
58
Côte d'Ivoire
2.0
2.4
2.6
15
16
14
–
31.5
34
23.6
21.2
17.2
7
–
–
–
Djibouti
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
38.8
22.9
18.2
26.8
21
–
–
–
Equatorial Guinea
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
42.6
–
–
18.6
7
–
–
–
Eritrea
2.1
2.1
3.0
67
64
68
–
44.4
43.7
41
–
39.6
13
53
10
30
Ethiopia
37.4
39.3
35.2
71
63
46
–
–
50.7
47.6
–
38.4
11
58
23
30
Gabon
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
26.3
–
–
11.9
3
32
27
41
Gambia
0.2
0.4
0.5
20
31
30
–
–
24.1
–
–
17.1
6
53
20
64
Ghana
5.4
3.0
1.9
34
16
9
–
31.3
35.6
–
24.9
22.1
5
40
18
60
Guinea
1.2
1.3
1.5
19
18
17
–
34.3
39.3
26.3
23.2
25.8
9
43
23
40
Guinea Bissau
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
36.1
–
–
25
7
53
17
31
Kenya
8.0
8.4
11.0
33
30
32
–
37
35.8
22.3
–
19.9
6
43
10
70
Lesotho
0.2
0.2
0.3
15
13
15
–
–
45.2
15.8
–
19.8
4
43
19
54
Liberia
0.6
0.9
1.3
30
39
40
–
–
45.3
–
–
26.4
6
44
18
38
Madagascar
3.9
5.4
6.6
32
37
37
–
55.5
52.8
39.1
–
41.9
13
42
6
42
Malawi
4.3
3.7
3.8
45
36
29
55.8
–
52.5
27.2
–
22
3
27
22
59
Mali
1.1
1.3
1.2
14
15
11
–
36.2
42.7
–
–
33.2
11
47
42
47
Mauritania
0.2
0.2
0.2
10
8
8
–
–
39.5
47.6
–
31.8
13
42
21
17
Mauritius
0.1
0.1
0.1
7
6
6
–
–
–
–
14.9
–
–
–
–
–
Mozambique
8.2
8.6
7.5
59
52
38
–
45.3
47
–
–
23.7
4
54
17
26
Namibia
0.4
0.5
0.4
29
29
19
35.7
–
29.5
26.2
–
24
9
35
18
59
Niger
3.1
3.8
3.7
38
40
29
–
47
54.8
42.6
–
39.6
10
47
20
41
Nigeria
14.7
10.8
12.5
15
10
9
50.5
–
43
35.7
–
28.7
9
47
8
25
Rwanda
3.2
3.3
3.6
45
56
40
56.8
–
51.7
29.2
–
22.5
5
43
13
39
Sao Tome and Principe
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
35.2
–
–
12.9
8
–
–
–
Senegal
2.3
3.0
3.0
28
32
26
33.7
–
20.1
21.6
–
17.3
8
43
23
61
Seychelles
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Sierra Leone
1.9
1.8
2.5
45
43
47
–
–
38.4
28.7
–
27.2
9
68
16
47
Somalia
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
42.1
–
25.8
–
11
–
–
–
South Africa
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.5
–
–
26
16
33
Sudan
8.3
7.2
7.4
31
24
21
–
–
47.6
34.4
–
40.7
16
–
–
–
Swaziland
0.1
0.2
0.2
12
20
18
–
–
36.6
–
–
10.3
1
32
12
38
Tanzania, United Rep of
7.5
12.7
13.0
28
41
35
–
48.3
44.4
28.8
29.4
21.8
3
45
16
37
Togo
1.8
1.8
2.3
45
39
37
–
29.8
–
–
25.1
–
14
45
14
35
Uganda
3.6
5.1
4.1
19
23
15
–
45
44.8
–
–
22.8
5
30
9
66
Zambia
3.3
3.9
5.1
40
41
45
–
48.6
52.5
25.1
–
20
6
46
25
66
Zimbabwe
4.3
5.5
5.2
40
46
40
–
33.7
35.8
–
13
17.2
6
44
9
28
ASIA AND OCEANIA
582.4
535.0
541.9
20
17
16
Afghanistan
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
59.3
–
48
39.3
7
61
48
53
Bangladesh
41.6
51.4
40.1
36
40
27
–
–
47.8
65.8
–
47.5
13
36
18
28
Bhutan
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
47.7
–
–
18.7
–
–
55
–
32
Brunei Darussalam
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Cambodia
3.8
4.8
3.6
38
41
26
–
58.6
43.7
39.8
–
45.2
7
58
18
42
China
178.0
143.7
122.7
15
12
9
–
–
21.8
19.1
–
7.8
–
21
5
12
Cook Islands
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Fiji
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7.9
–
–
–
–
–
–
Hong Kong SAR
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
India
206.6
199.9
230.5
24
21
21
–
51
47.9
53.4
48.5
–
20
51
26
57
Indonesia
34.5
26.7
37.1
19
13
17
–
–
28.6
–
26.4
28.2
–
26
10
26
Kiribati
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of
4.2
6.7
7.6
21
31
32
–
–
44.7
–
–
23.9
7
–
–
–
Korea, Republic of
ns
ns
ns
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Lao People's Dem. Rep.
1.1
1.3
1.1
27
26
19
–
–
48.2
44
–
40
15
48
14
42
Malaysia
ns
ns
ns
–
–
–
–
–
–
23.3
–
10.6
–
–
–
–
Maldives
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
46.7 31.9
38.9
–
30.4
13
–
–
–
Marshall Islands
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Micronesia
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Mongolia
0.7
1.0
0.8
30
40
29
–
30.1 23.5
12.3
–
6.7
2
18
15
29
Myanmar
18.1
14.8
8.8
44
34
19
–
–
40.6
32.4
–
31.8
9
45
17
35
Nauru
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Niue
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Nepal
4.0
5.3
4.0
21
24
15
–
61.1 49.3
–
–
48.3
13
62
24
33
Pakistan
25.7
23.7
35.0
22
18
23
54.5
–
41.5
40.4
–
37.8
13
59
38
35
Palau
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Papua New Guinea
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
43
–
37
Philippines
13.3
12.8
13.3
21
18
16
–
–
33.8
33.5
28.2
27.6
6
35
15
23
Samoa
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Singapore
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.4
–
–
3.4
2
–
–
–
Solomon Islands
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Sri Lanka
4.6
4.4
4.0
27
24
21
–
–
18.4
–
–
29.4
14
–
–
–
Thailand
15.7
12.3
10.9
29
21
17
–
–
15.7
18.6
17.6
–
4
27
13
22
Timor-Leste
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
55.7
–
–
45.8
12
–
–
–
Tonga
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Tuvalu
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Vanuatu
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Viet Nam
18.7
15.6
11.5
28
21
14
61.4
–
35.8
–
–
26.6
12
33
11
12
LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN
52.6
51.8
45.2
12
11
8
Antigua and Barbuda
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Argentina
ns
ns
ns
–
–
–
–
–
8.2
–
5.4
3.8
1
–
–
–
Bahamas
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Barbados
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Belize
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
6.2
–
–
1
–
–
–
Bolivia
1.6
1.5
2.0
24
20
22
–
33.1
32.5
–
9.5
7.5
1
30
<5
23
Brazil
15.8
15.6
11.7
10
10
6
–
13.5
–
–
5.7
–
–
21
<5
15
Chile
0.9
ns
ns
7
–
–
–
–
–
0.9
–
0.7
0
–
–
–
Colombia
5.2
4.2
4.3
15
11
10
–
19.7
16.2
–
–
7
1
–
–
–
Costa Rica
ns
ns
ns
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.8
5.1
–
–
–
–
–
Cuba
0.6
1.5
ns
5
14
–
–
–
–
–
–
3.9
2
–
–
–
Dominica
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Dominican Republic
2.0
2.0
2.0
27
24
21
–
13.9
11.7
10.4
–
5.3
1
31
11
18
Ecuador
2.5
2.0
1.9
24
17
15
–
–
29
–
14.8
11.6
2
–
–
–
El Salvador
0.5
0.6
0.6
9
11
10
29.5
–
24.6
–
11.8
10.3
1
34
11
17
Grenada
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Guatemala
1.3
1.7
2.0
14
17
16
–
53.1
54.3
–
24.2
22.7
2
20
16
21
Guyana
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.8
18.3
–
13.6
11
–
–
–
Haiti
4.5
4.8
5.3
63
60
58
–
37.2
29.7
26.8
–
17.3
9
54
12
32
Honduras
1.0
0.9
0.8
19
16
12
–
43.3
29.9
–
–
16.6
1
31
12
15
Jamaica
0.3
0.2
0.1
11
7
5
–
6.3
4.5
–
–
4
4
–
–
–
Mexico
ns
4.3
ns
–
5
–
–
21.7
15.5
–
7.5
–
2
–
–
–
Nicaragua
2.2
1.9
1.2
52
40
22
–
23.4
25.2
11.9
–
9.6
2
40
4
9
Panama
0.4
0.6
0.5
18
20
17
–
21.5
–
7
6.8
–
–
–
–
–
Paraguay
0.7
0.5
0.7
16
11
11
18.3
–
–
3.7
5
4.6
1
25
13
13
Peru
6.1
4.9
3.9
28
20
15
–
31.6
31.3
10.8
–
7.6
1
32
10
17
Saint Kitts and Nevis
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Saint Lucia
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Saint Vincent & Grenadines
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Suriname
0.0
0.0
0.0
11
8
7
–
–
14.5
–
–
13.3
7
–
–
–
Trinidad and Tobago
0.1
0.2
0.1
11
13
10
–
–
5.3
–
–
5.9
4
–
–
–
Uruguay
0.2 ns
ns
5
–
–
–
–
13.9
–
4.5
–
2
–
–
–
Venezuela
2.1
3.1
3.2
10
14
12
–
–
–
4.5
–
5.2
4
38
10
5
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA
19.1
29.6
33.0
6
8
8
Algeria
ns
1.5
ns
–
5
–
–
22.5
21.6
9.2
–
10.4
3
–
–
–
Bahrain
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.7
–
–
–
–
–
Egypt
ns
ns
ns
–
–
–
–
–
23.8
10.4
10.7
6.2
4
28
12
7
Iran, Islamic Rep. of
ns
ns
ns
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10.9
–
–
29
9
23
Iraq
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
27.5
11.9
–
11.7
5
–
–
–
Israel
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Jordan
ns
0.2
ns
–
5
–
–
11.1
12
6.4
–
4.4
2
–
–
–
Kuwait
0.4
0.1
ns
20
5
–
–
–
–
–
9.8
–
–
–
–
–
Lebanon
ns
ns
ns
–
–
–
–
–
15.2
–
3
3.9
5
24
11
20
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
ns
ns
ns
–
–
–
–
20.7
–
–
4.7
–
–
–
–
–
Morocco
1.2
1.4
ns
5
5
–
29.9
–
23.1
9
8.9
10.2
9
34
–
29
Occupied Palestinian Terr.
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.9
1
–
–
–
Oman
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.9
–
–
17.8
–
–
–
–
–
Qatar
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
5.5
–
–
–
–
–
Saudi Arabia
ns
ns
ns
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.3
–
–
–
–
–
Syria
ns
ns
ns
–
–
–
–
–
28.2
12.1
–
6.9
9
30
8
8
Tunisia
ns
ns
ns
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4
2
– –
– –
–
United Arab Emirates
ns
ns
ns
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
14.4
–
–
–
–
–
Yemen
3.8
5.0
6.5
30
31
32
–
59.3
58.2
–
46.1
45.6
12
49
16
40
EASTERN AND SOUTHERN EUROPE AND CIS
Albania
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
39.2
–
–
14
7
–
–
–
Armenia
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.1
18.2
–
–
4
5
12
12
12
Azerbaijan
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
24.1
–
–
6.8
2
35
15
23
Belarus
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4.5
–
–
–
1
–
–
–
Bosnia and Herzegovina
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.8
–
–
4.1
3
–
–
–
Bulgaria
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Croatia
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
0.6
–
–
–
–
–
Cyprus
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Czech Republic
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
2.6
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
Estonia
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Georgia
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3.1
–
–
31
21
11
Hungary
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Kazakhstan
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
13.9
17.4
–
4.2
–
6
36
21
19
Kyrgyzstan
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
32.6
18.1
–
11
–
15
31
21
18
Latvia
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Lithuania
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Macedonia, FYR
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8
1.2
–
6
–
–
–
–
–
Malta
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Moldova, Rep of
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
11.3
–
3.2
4.3
–
–
–
–
Poland
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Romania
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
15.3
12.8
5.7
3.1
3.2
2
–
–
–
Russian Federation
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3
–
–
–
–
–
Serbia and Montenegro
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
8.1
–
–
1.9
3
–
–
–
Slovakia
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Slovenia
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Tajikistan
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
7
42
28
18
Turkey
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
19.1
15.6
10.4
8.3
3.9
1
33
23
18
Turkmenistan
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
12
6
46
11
18
Ukraine
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
22.9
–
–
1
0
–
–
–
Uzbekistan
–
–
–
–
–
–
-
39
19.6
–
–
7.9
3
63
24
40
Indicator definitions and sources
Number of people undernourished: Number of people consuming (on average for each period) less than the estimated sex-/age-specific minimum dietary energy requirements.
Source: FAO, 2008c.
Proportion of undernourished in total population: Percentage of total population consuming (on average for each period) less than the estimated sex-/age-specific minimum dietary energy requirements.
Source: FAO, 2008c.
Prevalence of under-5 children stunting (moderate and severe): Proportion of children under 5 years of age falling below minus 2 standard deviations from the median height for age of the reference population. Data shown are the latest available for the considered period.
Source: WHO Statistical Information System (WHOSIS). Available at: www.who.int/whosis/.
Prevalence of under-5 children underweight (moderate and severe): Proportion of children under 5 years of age falling below minus 2 standard deviations from the median weight for age of the reference population. Data shown are the latest available for the considered period.
Source: WHO Statistical Information System (WHOSIS). Available at: www.who.int/whosis/.
Prevalence of under-5 children wasting (moderate and severe): Proportion of children under 5 years of age falling below minus 2 standard deviations from the median weight for height of the reference population. Data shown are the latest available for the considered period.
Source: UNICEF, 2008. Data posted at: www.unicef.org/sowc08/docs/sowc08_table_2.xls.
Iron-deficiency anaemia in women aged 15–49: Percentage of women affected by anaemia caused by iron deficiency (haemoglobina < 120 g/litre in non-pregnant women > 15 years of age, Hb < 110g/litre in pregnant women of any age).
Source: Micronutrient Initiative and UNICEF, 2004.
Iodine deficiency (goitre): Percentage of population affected by a swelling of thyroid gland.
Source: Micronutrient Initiative and UNICEF, 2004.
Vitamin A deficiency: Percentage of children under 6 years of age with sub-clinical levels of vitamin A deficiency.
Source: Micronutrient Initiative and UNICEF, 2004.
Food availability and access https://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table">Dietary energy consumption (kcal/person/day)
Food production per capita (1999−2001 = 100)
Food imports as a percentage of food production
GDP per capita (US$)
Poverty rate (%)
Inequality of income
Proportion of consumption spent on foodn
Road density
Income share of lowest 20%
Gini coeficient
1969–1971
1979–1981
1990–1992
2002–2004
1969–1971
1979–1981
1990–1992
2002–2004
1990–1994
1995–1999
2000–2005
2008
1990–1994
1995–1999
2000–2006
1990–1999
2000–2005
Year of survey
Gini coeficient
1990–1994
1995–1999
2000–2004
1993–2004
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
9
9
12
Angola
2,110
2,110
1,780
2,120
136
99
84
116
31
30
43
6,443
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Benin
1,990
2,040
2,330
2,590
71
70
81
107
24
12
15
1,610
–
29.0
–
–
7.4
–
–
–
–
–
32
Botswana
2,010
2,030
2,260
2,150
230
169
142
101
92
120
101
17,947
–
–
–
3.2
–
1993
63.0
71.0
–
–
–
Burkina Faso
1,770
1,720
2,350
2,500
80
71
95
106
7
9
7
1,259
–
54.6
46.4
5.9
6.9
1998
48.2
–
–
–
25
Burundi
2,110
2,030
1,900
1,660
140
128
123
98
2
1
3
389
36.4
68.0
–
5.1
–
1998
33.3
–
–
–
19
Cameroon
2,230
2,280
2,120
2,260
111
104
93
101
8
6
11
2,161
–
53.3
40.2
5.7
5.6
2001
44.6
–
–
–
20
Cape Verde
–
–
–
–
60
57
78
87
191
175
159
3,475
–
–
–
–
4.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
Central African Republic
2,260
2,300
1,860
1,960
80
89
86
103
5
4
4
754
–
–
–
2.0
–
1993
61.3
57.7
–
–
–
Chad
2,080
1,640
1,780
2,130
110
96
95
101
3
2
3
1,670
–
64.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
57.8
–
5
Comoros
1,920
1,800
1,910
1,770
143
115
107
95
35
29
31
1,150
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Congo, Republic of
1,960
2,040
1,860
2,160
160
128
106
99
41
46
64
4,044
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Congo, Democratic Rep. of the
2,220
2,110
2,170
1,590
168
151
152
90
5
8
10
340
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
26
Côte d'Ivoire
2,500
2,830
2,470
2,640
88
96
89
96
15
15
20
1,800
–
–
–
5.8
5.2
2002
44.6
–
–
–
–
Djibouti
1,700
1,700
1,800
2,270
97
107
118
118
208
228
343
2,400
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Equatorial Guinea
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
24
20
37
17,407
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Eritrea
–
–
–
1,500
–
–
–
73
61
59
126
748
53.0
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Ethiopia
–
–
–
1,850
–
–
–
103
4
5
10
871
–
45.5
44.2
9.1
–
1999
30.0
–
52.8
–
32
Gabon
2,180
2,420
2,450
2,680
123
125
114
96
30
38
42
14,747
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Gambia
2,160
1,770
2,370
2,240
230
117
82
77
57
62
58
1,385
64.0
57.6
61.3
4.0
4.8
1998
47.5
–
–
–
–
Ghana
2,280
1,700
2,080
2,690
99
69
76
109
12
6
13
1,513
50.0
39.5
28.5
5.6
–
1998
40.8
58.0
–
–
61
Guinea
2,220
2,230
2,110
2,430
115
107
93
106
11
11
11
1,008
40.0
–
–
–
7.0
1994
40.3
–
–
–
22
Guinea Bissau
1,870
2,010
2,300
2,030
88
83
95
94
–
–
–
497
–
–
65.7
5.2
–
1993
47.0
–
–
–
–
Kenya
2,290
2,250
1,980
2,150
104
101
107
102
8
11
13
1,735
40.0
52.0
–
6.0
–
1997
42.5
–
–
–
44
Lesotho
2,070
2,360
2,440
2,580
138
123
96
99
156
122
50
1,358
49.2
68.0
–
1.5
–
1995
63.2
–
–
–
–
Liberia
2,380
2,550
2,210
1,930
146
145
112
85
41
47
50
378
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Madagascar
2,430
2,370
2,080
2,050
149
131
117
93
3
4
6
995
–
71.3
–
5.9
4.9
2001
47.5
71.8
–
–
25
Malawi
2,360
2,270
1,880
2,120
89
89
58
84
17
8
6
850
54.0
65.3
–
–
7.0
1997
50.3
28.3
–
–
38
Mali
1,960
1,700
2,220
2,200
108
102
101
97
3
4
5
1,088
–
63.8
–
4.6
6.1
1994
50.5
–
–
–
–
Mauritania
1,870
2,050
2,560
2,740
149
123
110
98
56
69
66
2,108
–
50.0
46.3
6.3
6.2
2000
39.0
–
–
–
–
Mauritius
2,330
2,670
2,890
2,980
126
109
112
102
274
254
261
12,017
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
44.0
43.0
40.0
–
Mozambique
1,870
1,860
1,730
2,080
151
113
91
99
47
20
28
900
–
69.4
54.1
5.6
5.4
1996
39.6
–
72.3
50.0
–
Namibia
2,150
2,230
2,070
2,240
257
214
139
118
85
117
70
5,526
–
–
–
1.4
–
1993
70.7
–
–
–
57
Niger
2,040
2,140
2,020
2,150
140
124
98
97
3
4
8
691
63.0
–
–
2.6
–
1995
50.5
–
–
–
37
Nigeria
2,220
2,050
2,540
2,720
96
64
89
96
–
–
–
2,142
34.1
–
–
5.0
5.0
1996
50.6
–
–
–
47
Rwanda
2,180
2,270
1,950
2,110
120
124
129
108
4
3
3
954
51.2
–
60.3
–
5.3
1983
28.9
–
–
71.7
44
Sao Tome and Principe
2,110
2,090
2,270
2,490
183
114
78
99
38
26
28
1,749
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Senegal
2,280
2,280
2,280
2,360
135
94
90
70
36
41
54
1,762
33.4
–
–
6.5
6.6
1995
41.3
53.0
–
–
–
Seychelles
2,020
2,260
2,310
2,460
163
119
81
94
179
188
219
17,560
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
46.6
36.7
–
–
Sierra Leone
2,230
2,110
1,990
1,910
160
142
131
101
17
25
20
728
–
–
70.2
1.1
6.5
1989
62.9
–
–
49.3
–
Somalia
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
10
7
8
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
South Africa
2,740
2,780
2,830
2,980
115
121
98
104
13
12
12
10,187
–
–
–
3.6
3.5
2000
57.8
–
23.0
25.0
21
Sudan
2,050
2,180
2,170
2,270
91
100
82
100
8
5
10
2,335
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Swaziland
2,280
2,400
2,450
2,300
139
151
131
102
40
40
69
5,645
–
–
69.2
2.7
4.3
1994
60.9
28.0
–
–
–
Tanzania, United Rep of
1,680
2,190
2,050
1,960
122
129
115
99
3
5
9
1,352
38.6
–
35.7
7.4
7.3
1993
38.2
71.3
–
65.4
38
Togo
2,220
2,190
2,150
2,350
127
112
96
97
13
12
20
824
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Uganda
2,390
2,110
2,270
2,370
154
105
104
98
1
2
3
1,148
–
–
37.7
6.0
5.7
1999
43.0
64.0
52.0
44.0
–
Zambia
2,250
2,220
1,930
1,950
129
117
104
100
18
15
14
1,397
–
72.9
68.0
3.4
3.6
1998
52.6
–
63 3
64.0
–
Zimbabwe
2,260
2,260
1,980
1,980
149
128
91
84
25
12
18
–
25.8
34.9
–
4.6
–
1995
56.8
37.3
–
–
–
ASIA AND OCEANIA
5
5
5
Afghanistan
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
4
4
19
783
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Bangladesh
2,120
1,980
2,070
2,200
103
93
91
100
6
10
11
1,408
–
51.0
49.8
8.7
8.8
2000
31.8
66.6
58.0
54.6
37
Bhutan
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17
16
15
5,240
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Brunei Darussalam
2,410
2,590
2,800
2,800
72
68
50
109
458
422
259
50,596
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Cambodia
2,090
1,710
1,860
2,070
133
66
85
101
2
2
2
1,955
47.0
36.1
35.0
8.0
6.8
1997
40.4
53.0
59.0
–
81
China
1,990
2,330
2,710
2,930
40
46
65
111
4
3
3
5,943
–
4.6
–
–
4.3
2001
44.7
–
–
–
97
Cook Islands
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
48
54
86
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Fiji
2,440
2,500
2,640
2,940
116
116
114
93
92
112
122
4,443
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Hong Kong SAR
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
44,413
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
India
2,040
2,080
2,370
2,470
73
74
89
98
0
1
2
2,787
36.0
–
28.6
–
8.1
1999
32.5
–
–
49.5
61
Indonesia
1,860
2,220
2,700
2,890
60
71
96
111
5
9
8
3,990
–
27.1
16.7
8.9
7.1
2002
34.3
52.0
58.0
51.7
94
Kiribati
2,420
2,730
2,650
2,800
110
109
89
98
34
36
35
3,707
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of
2,090
2,300
2,470
2,180
85
111
132
108
8
14
20
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Korea, Republic of
2,770
2,990
3,000
3,030
58
77
86
93
53
59
64
26,341
–
–
–
7.9
–
1998
31.6
–
–
–
–
Lao People's Democratic Rep.
2,080
2,070
2,110
2,370
65
67
73
108
1
2
2
2,216
45.0
38.6
33.0
7.6
8.1
1997
37.0
64.3
60.9
–
64
Malaysia
2,570
2,760
2,830
2,880
42
61
89
106
23
24
24
14,225
–
–
–
4.4
–
1997
49.2
–
37.1
–
–
Maldives
–
–
–
–
104
99
95
109
100
133
168
5,011
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Marshall Islands
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Micronesia
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Mongolia
2,230
2,380
2,060
2,250
143
133
109
70
–
–
–
3,537
–
35.6
36.1
7.7
7.5
1998
30.3
–
–
–
36
Myanmar
2,040
2,330
2,630
2,940
64
75
72
113
1
1
1
1,063
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Nauru
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
86
78
70
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Niue
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
17
18
16
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Nepal
1,800
1,850
2,340
2,430
79
78
93
103
1
2
4
1,143
–
41.8
30.9
7.5
6.0
1995
36.7
–
–
–
17
Pakistan
2,250
2,210
2,300
2,320
77
80
89
98
7
7
4
2,757
28.6
32.6
–
8.7
9.1
1998
33.0
47.0
47.5
48.3
61
Palau
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Papua New Guinea
–
–
–
–
106
104
101
99
13
14
12
2,085
–
37.5
–
4.5
–
1996
50.9
–
–
–
68
Philippines
–
–
–
–
89
105
94
107
10
14
14
3,539
32.1
25.1
–
5.2
5.4
2000
46.1
48.7
45.1
43.5
–
Samoa
2,220
2,460
2,570
2,930
120
129
92
100
32
28
33
5,735
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
49.2
–
–
Singapore
–
–
–
–
1,340
1,621
453
96
699
582
618
51,649
–
–
–
5.0
–
1998
42.5
27.0
–
–
–
Solomon Islands
2,250
2,220
2,020
2,230
137
147
113
97
16
21
17
2,049
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Sri Lanka
2,290
2,360
2,230
2,390
91
120
98
98
25
36
37
4,589
20.0
25.0
22.7
8.0
7.0
1999
33.2
64.6
55.0
44.5
–
Thailand
2,110
2,280
2,200
2,400
71
87
93
103
5
6
7
8,380
9.8
13.6
–
6.0
6.3
2000
43.2
–
40.0
39.0
–
Timor-Leste
2,240
2,410
2,560
2,750
95
90
94
101
28
45
43
2,560
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Tonga
–
–
–
–
137
139
102
100
26
33
26
5,375
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
43.7
–
Tuvalu
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
71
111
142
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Vanuatu
2,550
2,560
2,530
2,600
169
160
130
91
13
17
19
4,202
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Viet Nam
2,100
2,030
2,180
2,630
53
57
73
113
1
2
5
2,774
–
37.4
28.9
7.8
7.1
2002
37.0
–
–
–
84
LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN
10
11
11
Antigua and Barbuda
–
–
–
–
91
99
114
104
82
86
99
18,942
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Argentina
3,270
3,210
3,000
2,920
79
85
83
99
1
1
1
14,354
–
–
–
3.7
3.1
2001
52.2
–
–
–
–
Bahamas
2,590
2,470
2,620
2,660
84
91
80
95
189
146
158
25,466
–
–
–
–
–
1993
45.3
–
–
–
–
Barbados
2,850
3,040
3,060
3,070
139
134
105
94
253
234
247
19,233
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Belize
2,290
2,770
2,650
2,850
51
69
76
101
9
7
7
7,960
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Bolivia
2,000
2,130
2,110
2,220
65
77
85
107
10
6
8
4,333
–
62.7
65.2
1.3
1.5
1999
44.7
–
–
–
–
Brazil
2,430
2,680
2,810
3,110
52
66
80
114
5
6
5
10,298
–
22.0
21.5
2.5
2.9
2001
59.3
–
–
–
53
Chile
2,660
2,670
2,610
2,870
66
69
84
105
11
18
18
14,688
–
17.0
–
3.3
3.8
2000
57.1
–
–
–
–
Colombia
1,950
2,290
2,440
2,580
80
93
98
104
10
20
18
8,337
–
64.0
–
2.8
2.9
1999
57.6
–
–
–
–
Costa Rica
2,250
2,510
2,720
2,810
68
76
90
94
11
15
16
10,833
22.0
–
23.9
3.9
4.1
2000
46.5
–
–
–
–
Cuba
2,660
2,880
2,720
3,320
119
112
117
109
51
42
27
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Dominica
2,020
2,240
2,940
2,760
87
77
130
93
35
47
49
10,049
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Dominican Republic
2,020
2,270
2,260
2,270
143
135
121
105
–
–
–
8,559
–
–
42.2
3.7
4.1
1998
47.4
–
–
–
–
Ecuador
2,160
2,360
2,510
2,670
95
82
85
102
5
7
9
7,518
–
46.0
–
3.3
–
1998
43.7
–
–
–
–
El Salvador
1,850
2,300
2,490
2,560
89
99
103
98
37
46
81
6,052
–
50.6
37.2
3.3
2.7
2000
53.2
–
–
–
–
Grenada
2,240
2,280
2,830
2,930
121
120
106
102
77
115
120
11,232
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Guatemala
2,080
2,290
2,350
2,230
81
83
96
98
15
22
31
4,900
–
–
56.2
3.2
3.9
2000
59.9
–
37.1
–
55
Guyana
2,280
2,500
2,350
2,790
80
74
59
101
18
14
17
4,093
43.2
35.0
–
4.5
–
1999
43.2
–
–
–
–
Haiti
1,950
2,040
1,780
2,110
152
153
114
98
22
34
40
1,330
–
–
–
–
2.4
–
–
–
–
–
–
Honduras
2,150
2,120
2,310
2,340
146
132
111
136
9
14
24
4,261
–
52.5
50.7
3.3
3.4
1999
55.0
–
–
–
–
Jamaica
2,470
2,610
2,500
2,710
101
91
93
95
54
48
62
7,876
–
27.5
18.7
5.4
5.3
2000
37.9
–
55.0
–
–
Mexico
2,650
3,120
3,100
3,170
82
92
91
102
16
17
24
14,582
–
–
17.6
4.0
4.3
2000
54.6
33.0
35.7
34.0
–
Nicaragua
2,330
2,270
2,220
2,290
144
128
83
108
22
23
20
2,705
50.3
47.9
–
5.3
5.6
2001
43.1
–
–
–
28
Panama
2,330
2,270
2,320
2,300
130
119
108
96
16
28
37
11,255
–
37.3
–
3.4
2.5
2000
56.4
–
–
–
–
Paraguay
2,580
2,580
2,400
2,530
75
80
97
100
2
2
3
4,767
20.5
–
–
2.3
2.4
2002
57.8
–
–
–
–
Peru
2,250
2,130
1,960
2,580
88
69
67
106
32
31
26
8,585
–
–
53.1
4.4
3.7
2000
49.8
–
–
–
43
Saint Kitts and Nevis
1,940
2,270
2,580
2,730
117
157
110
100
234
234
318
14,385
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Saint Lucia
2,030
2,360
2,740
2,930
138
114
155
95
19
28
49
10,896
–
–
–
5.2
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
2,250
2,420
2,300
2,660
111
117
160
104
62
89
68
10,464
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Suriname
2,240
2,400
2,530
2,730
91
146
137
95
18
18
28
8,326
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Trinidad and Tobago
2,510
2,960
2,630
2,820
161
113
93
117
322
423
346
19,686
21.0
–
–
5.9
–
1992
40.3
–
–
–
–
Uruguay
2,950
2,850
2,660
2,920
80
77
82
102
7
6
9
12,707
–
–
–
4.4
4.5
2000
44.6
–
–
–
–
Venezuela
2,340
2,760
2,460
2,340
95
94
90
92
31
30
28
12,933
–
–
–
3.0
3.3
1998
49.1
–
–
–
–
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA
34
37
38
Algeria
1,820
2,640
2,920
3,070
122
86
96
111
87
79
86
6,927
–
22.6
–
7.0
–
1995
35.3
–
53.0
–
–
Bahrain
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
576
484
740
33,988
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Egypt
2,350
2,900
3,200
3,330
70
68
80
104
26
24
22
5,904
–
22.9
16.7
8.8
8.9
1999
34.4
–
–
–
–
Iran, Islamic Rep. of
2,100
2,730
2,980
3,120
60
67
83
108
15
18
16
11,209
–
–
–
5.1
6.5
1998
43.0
–
–
–
–
Iraq
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
28
29
52
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Israel
3,140
3,150
3,410
3,610
105
111
108
101
48
55
65
28,245
–
–
–
–
5.7
1997
35.5
–
–
–
–
Jordan
2,240
2,610
2,820
2,730
99
95
125
119
112
127
119
5,172
–
21.3
14.2
7.5
6.7
1997
36.4
–
–
–
–
Kuwait
2,590
2,980
2,340
3,110
58
65
28
106
605
512
384
40,943
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Lebanon
2,330
2,710
3,160
3,190
58
72
125
96
35
41
50
12,063
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
34.0
–
–
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
2,440
3,450
3,270
3,380
67
104
92
96
138
97
117
14,594
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Morocco
2,470
2,750
3,030
3,110
93
84
110
118
21
29
35
4,432
13.1
19.0
–
6.5
–
1998
39.5
–
–
–
–
Occupied Palestinian Territories
–
–
–
2,240
–
–
–
97
–
57
46
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Oman
–
–
–
–
54
79
82
83
133
141
161
26,095
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Qatar
–
–
–
–
129
67
93
103
304
260
487
86,670
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Saudi Arabia
1,900
2,900
2,770
2,800
78
57
137
106
72
127
124
24,120
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Syria
2,380
2,950
2,830
3,070
71
114
95
115
15
10
16
4,668
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Tunisia
2,340
2,820
3,150
3,280
75
82
104
105
29
44
50
8,020
7.4
7.6
–
5.6
6.0
2000
39.8
42.0
–
–
–
United Arab Emirates
2,990
3,300
2,930
3,250
50
27
36
57
262
195
262
39,077
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Yemen
1,780
1,970
2,040
2,010
99
117
103
96
93
97
107
2,404
–
41.8
–
7.4
7.2
1998
33.4
55.0
–
–
21
EASTERN AND SOUTHERN EUROPE AND CIS
9
8
8
Albania
–
–
–
2,870
–
–
–
104
22
20
28
6,797
–
–
25.4
8.7
8.2
2002
28.2
–
–
–
31
Armenia
–
–
–
2,340
–
–
–
123
34
30
28
5,437
–
55.1
50.9
7.6
8.5
1998
37.9
–
64.5
68.0
–
Azerbaijan
–
–
–
2,730
–
–
–
115
24
21
20
8,958
–
68.1
49.6
6.9
7.4
2001
36.5
–
–
54.7
67
Belarus
–
–
–
2,880
–
–
–
107
15
13
13
12,344
–
–
18.5
8.4
8.8
2000
30.4
–
65.0
47.5
64
Bosnia and Herzegovina
–
–
–
2,730
–
–
–
100
9
20
34
7,618
–
–
19.5
–
7.0
2001
26.2
–
–
–
–
Bulgaria
–
–
–
2,910
–
–
–
103
4
5
7
12,372
–
36.0
12.8
10.0
8.7
2001
31.9
–
56.3
50.9
–
Croatia
–
–
–
2,800
–
–
–
99
11
12
15
16,474
–
–
–
9.3
8.8
2001
29.0
–
37.1
28.5
–
Cyprus
3,140
2,790
3,100
3,280
122
100
96
102
59
69
78
28,381
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
26.2
–
–
–
Czech Republic
–
–
–
3,330
–
–
–
97
–
13
16
25,755
–
–
–
10.3
–
1996
25.4
–
30.0
27.4
–
Estonia
–
–
–
3,220
–
–
–
106
12
29
29
20,754
–
8.9
–
6.8
6.8
2000
37.2
–
42.0
34.5
–
Georgia
–
–
–
2,630
–
–
–
104
27
37
34
5,001
–
–
54.5
6.0
5.4
2001
36.9
–
68.0
64.0
–
Hungary
–
–
–
3,590
–
–
–
102
5
6
8
19,830
14.5
17.3
–
9.4
8.6
2002
26.9
–
–
–
–
Kazakhstan
–
–
–
2,820
–
–
–
109
1
1
2
11,563
–
34.6
15.4
6.7
7.4
2003
32.3
–
59.8
50.3
77
Kyrgyzstan
–
–
–
3,110
–
–
–
99
22
6
5
2,174
–
–
43.1
7.5
8.9
2002
34.8
–
–
–
76
Latvia
–
–
–
3,030
–
–
–
112
4
14
19
17,801
–
–
5.9
7.3
6.8
1998
33.6
–
43.8
39.4
–
Lithuania
–
–
–
3,410
–
–
–
115
6
9
13
18,855
–
–
–
8.2
6.8
2000
31.9
–
54.0
46.7
–
Macedonia, FYR
–
–
–
2,900
–
–
–
94
16
19
19
9,128
–
–
21.7
8.5
6.1
1998
28.2
–
47.0
50.0
–
Malta
3,160
3,280
3,240
3,530
74
81
87
96
164
147
146
23,908
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
37.3
–
–
–
Moldova, Rep of
–
–
–
2,720
–
–
–
112
6
2
4
3,154
–
–
48.5
6.0
7.8
2002
36.9
–
–
68.3
–
Poland
–
–
–
3,420
–
–
–
105
6
9
9
17,560
23.8
14.6
–
7.9
7.4
2002
34.1
52.5
41.0
32.1
–
Romania
–
–
–
3,620
–
–
–
113
8
2
6
12,698
21.5
25.4
–
8.7
8.2
2002
30.3
–
57.0
56.0
89
Russian Federation
–
–
–
3,090
–
–
–
112
13
9
9
16,161
30.9
31.4
19.6
5.5
6.1
2002
31.0
–
–
–
81
Serbia and Montenegro
–
–
–
2,720
–
–
–
106
1
3
4
10,911
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
55.0
–
Slovakia
–
–
–
2,780
–
–
–
102
10
10
16
22,242
–
–
–
8.8
–
1996
25.8
–
30.0
–
–
Slovenia
–
–
–
2,950
–
–
–
103
55
50
52
28,894
–
–
–
9.1
8.3
1998
28.4
–
26.5
25.8
–
Tajikistan
–
–
–
1,900
–
–
–
133
70
31
19
1,984
–
74.9
–
8.1
7.8
2003
32.6
–
87.7
73.6
74
Turkey
3,010
3,230
3,490
3,320
94
101
104
99
4
6
5
13,447
28.3
–
27.0
5.8
5.3
2000
40.0
38.5
–
35.2
–
Turkmenistan
–
–
–
2,820
–
–
–
118
35
10
1
5,765
–
–
–
6.1
–
1998
40.8
–
–
–
–
Ukraine
–
–
–
3,080
–
–
–
110
3
1
3
7,634
–
–
19.5
8.8
9.0
1999
29.0
–
68.1
61.7
–
Uzbekistan
–
–
–
2,290
–
–
–
106
27
12
3
2,606
–
–
27.5
3.9
7.2
2000
26.8
–
34.7
–
57
Indicator definitions and sources
Dietary energy consumption: Amount of kilocalories energy consumed per person per day. Average for three-year period. Data from 2002 to 2004 are preliminary.
Source: FAOSTAT. Available at: https://faostat.fao.org/.Food production per capita: Index of net food production per capita (1999−2001 = 100). Average for three-year period.
Source: FAOSTAT. Available at: https://faostat.fao.org/.Food imports as a percentage of food production: Total amount of food imported as percentage of total food production (in tons). Food includes crops and livestock. Average for considered period.
Source: FAOSTAT. Available at: https://faostat.fao.org/.GDP per capita: Gross domestic product (GDP) per capita measured at purchasing power parity (PPP) in current prices.
Source: IMF, 2008c. Available at: www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2008/02/weodata/weoselgr.aspx.Poverty rate: Percentage of the population living below the national poverty line. Data shown are the latest available for the considered period.
Source: United Nations Statistic Division, Millennium Development Goal Database. Available at: https://data.un.org/.Income share of lowest 20%: Share of poorest quintile in national consumption. Data shown are the latest available for the considered period.
Source: United Nations Statistic Division, Millennium Development Goal Database. Available at: https://data.un.org/.Gini coefficient: The area between the hypothetical line of equality and the Lorenz curve, which plots cumulative percentages of income against cumulative percentages of the population. A coefficient of 0 implies perfect equality and of 100 perfect inequality.
Source: UNDP, 2004.Proportion of consumption spent on food: Percentage of food consumption in total consumption. Data shown are the latest available for the considered period.
Source: FAOSTAT. Available at: https://faostat.fao.org/.Road density: Percentage of rural population with access to an all-season road.
Source: World Bank, 2007c. International assistance https://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table">Average annual food aid deliveries
Official development assistance (ODA)
ODA as % of GDP
% of ODA for agriculture
1990–1994
1995–1999
2000–2007
1990–1994
1995–1999
2000–2006
1995–1999
2000–2006
SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA
4,521,109
2,774,050
3,902,418
6.9
3.9
3.5
7.4
3.9
Angola
178,079
200,372
155,583
5.2
6.0
2.5
3.4
2.0
Benin
16,848
17,891
16,063
13.3
10.1
8.3
11.4
4.1
Botswana
9,958
2,880
0
3.0
1.7
0.5
3.7
3.2
Burkina Faso
53,814
40,814
38,258
14.3
15.6
12.7
13.4
8.8
Burundi
19,859
24,299
61,614
25.3
12.7
33.4
0.9
2.1
Cameroon
5,024
9,915
11,001
4.6
3.9
2.3
3.3
2.6
Cape Verde
56,659
60,020
34,669
31.7
23.3
15.2
5.0
3.1
Central African Republic
4,344
3,553
8,667
14.1
12.4
6.8
11.9
2.9
Chad
27,725
24,381
43,397
16.4
14.1
8.2
11.2
5.6
Comoros
5,565
3,318
23
19.6
14.6
8.9
4.0
3.9
Congo, Republic of
10,765
13,037
87,661
7.4
6.5
1.4
3.5
0.5
Congo, Democratic Rep. of the
67,574
39,579
16,190
4.0
2.7
12.2
0.7
1.2
Côte d'Ivoire
51,022
30,774
22,680
8.5
5.7
1.4
9.6
2.6
Djibouti
13,600
13,279
13,030
24.8
17.4
12.0
0.6
1.3
Equatorial Guinea
4,140
1,422
450
37.7
8.6
0.8
1.8
2.6
Eritrea
98,307
68,670
204,757
20.7
20.1
28.1
9.8
4.8
Ethiopia
899,890
599,453
1,036,161
9.9
8.4
14.7
13.8
6.0
Gabon
0
17
141
2.2
1.4
0.3
0.9
1.4
Gambia
9,866
6,300
9,186
26.4
9.4
14.2
29.6
5.9
Ghana
118,461
60,265
68,844
8.5
8.7
10.8
4.6
5.3
Guinea
30,475
13,387
31,809
11.6
8.7
6.2
12.7
5.8
Guinea Bissau
8,770
7,543
11,595
50.3
38.9
28.2
2.8
2.1
Kenya
204,248
88,489
237,728
7.6
4.0
3.6
8.8
8.5
Lesotho
38,635
20,903
30,969
16.7
8.1
6.8
11.5
2.5
Liberia
146,320
126,518
66,994
–
–
27.1
1.8
2.7
Madagascar
43,372
30,766
49,488
10.3
10.9
10.6
10.4
4.6
Malawi
305,877
108,480
120,297
29.5
22.6
19.7
6.4
5.9
Mali
35,793
20,040
26,368
15.9
14.8
12.3
8.3
8.8
Mauritania
54,632
31,100
51,187
18.6
16.5
15.2
6.9
8.4
Mauritius
6,757
362
0
1.7
0.8
0.4
21.1
5.6
Mozambique
574,048
211,953
176,319
47.7
24.8
21.6
5.8
3.8
Namibia
13,341
3,082
9,916
5.0
5.2
3.2
4.9
3.8
Niger
50,284
42,123
61,340
16.5
14.1
12.9
8.2
9.4
Nigeria
119
221
6,076
1.1
0.5
0.5
3.7
1.4
Rwanda
96,820
356,228
72,644
24.8
27.0
20.0
1.5
8.0
Sao Tome and Principe
8,485
4,330
3,443
45.1
37.4
30.3
12.6
5.9
Senegal
52,887
17,356
27,454
10.8
9.9
7.8
12.2
5.9
Seychelles
234
0
0
5.4
2.7
1.8
1.4
8.1
Sierra Leone
36,229
57,624
46,928
17.0
16.2
30.6
3.7
1.5
Somalia
163,229
39,663
66,474
–
–
–
1.9
1.1
South Africa
7,013
5,412
12,228
0.2
0.3
0.3
1.8
1.7
Sudan
457,180
159,906
400,024
7.9
2.2
3.7
1.5
1.1
Swaziland
14,951
5,218
11,615
4.3
2.2
1.5
22.5
19.9
Tanzania, United Rep. of
40,948
66,020
109,547
19.9
10.8
10.6
7.0
4.1
Togo
13,072
5,585
2,745
10.5
7.9
3.6
10.8
2.2
Uganda
62,174
75,818
191,214
22.9
11.2
14.3
4.8
4.5
Zambia
183,423
33,644
88,202
19.7
22.2
11.4
6.4
2.9
Zimbabwe
220,293
22,037
161,442
8.0
4.5
9.3
11.8
3.0
ASIA AND OCEANIA
2,550,363
3,135,374
2,627,376
1.0
0.6
0.4
8.5
5.4
Afghanistan
75,797
138,972
262,924
–
–
38.7
1.3
4.0
Bangladesh
919,427
836,594
344,201
5.3
2.5
2.0
5.1
3.4
Bhutan
4,555
4,975
4,542
24.2
18.6
11.7
7.4
8.2
Brunei Darussalam
0
0
0
0.1
0.1
–
–
–
Cambodia
57,258
50,034
40,395
8.1
11.3
9.8
9.7
6.8
China
137,294
167,593
47,416
0.5
0.3
0.1
6.2
5.0
Cook Islands
0
0
0
–
–
–
4.3
3.6
Fiji
0
0
0
3.4
2.1
1.9
0.6
3.2
Hong Kong (SAR)
2,476
0
0
0.0
0.0
–
–
–
India
341,688
341,892
181,031
0.7
0.4
0.2
12.2
9.0
Indonesia
47,704
345,409
202,108
1.2
0.8
0.6
9.0
5.7
Kiribati
0
0
0
60.0
36.5
20.0
1.7
2.2
Korea, Dem. People's Rep. of
0
761,680
1,016,242
–
–
–
26.9
3.0
Korea, Republic of
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
–
0.7
–
Lao People's Democratic Rep.
5,949
27,039
18,009
14.7
18.9
12.9
6.3
9.0
Malaysia
1,987
0
0
0.4
0.0
0.1
2.8
0.8
Maldives
2,463
3,355
6,944
10.5
7.3
4.6
5.4
0.0
Marshall Islands
0
0
0
–
–
–
–
0.1
Micronesia
0
0
0
–
–
–
–
0.1
Mongolia
14,820
20,574
36,128
9.5
18.0
14.5
5.2
5.0
Myanmar
371
4,534
14,560
4.9
1.0
1.2
8.5
3.9
Nauru
0
0
0
–
–
–
–
0.0
Niue
0
0
0
–
–
–
–
5.6
Nepal
21,064
39,600
48,232
10.5
7.6
6.0
20.0
7.3
Pakistan
299,145
171,725
136,862
2.1
1.1
1.6
11.1
3.4
Palau
0
0
0
–
–
–
–
0.7
Papua New Guinea
177
2,489
0
9.1
7.6
6.4
3.6
2.5
Philippines
149,915
63,164
132,176
2.6
1.0
0.7
10.3
6.5
Samoa
0
0
0
34.2
15.1
13.2
4.2
3.5
Singapore
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
–
–
–
Solomon Islands
2
52
0
18.4
12.0
36.8
0.4
1.3
Sri Lanka
319,788
92,721
77,481
7.4
2.8
2.8
13.5
4.5
Thailand
74,774
2,838
588
0.6
0.6
0.0
10.8
3.1
Timor-Leste
0
1,824
8,907
–
56.6
57.4
4.3
3.1
Tonga
0
0
0
20.5
17.4
13.4
8.7
1.0
Tuvalu
0
0
0
–
–
–
0.1
0.1
Vanuatu
2
0
0
23.2
14.7
12.8
1.4
2.7
Viet Nam
73,707
58,310
48,631
3.6
4.0
4.1
8.2
7.0
LATIN AMERICA AND CARIBBEAN
1,916,014
912,237
704,795
0.4
0.2
0.2
6.3
5.8
Antigua and Barbuda
200
626
0
0.9
1.0
1.0
12.4
–
Argentina
0
0
6
0.1
0.0
0.1
5.6
6.3
Bahamas
0
0
0
0.1
0.1
–
–
–
Barbados
0
0
19
−0.1
0.2
0.3
–
23.4
Belize
1
0
74
5.2
3.4
1.6
31.7
37.4
Bolivia
235,720
126,355
86,823
8.9
8.0
7.4
5.8
7.4
Brazil
25,606
244
40
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.6
4.4
Chile
7,599
116
46
0.3
0.2
0.1
3.0
2.4
Colombia
12,662
9,109
16,005
0.2
0.2
0.6
14.2
6.3
Costa Rica
38,818
756
0
2.0
0.0
0.1
7.9
4.8
Cuba
8,572
24,941
10,604
-
-
-
2.8
6.8
Dominica
751
1,936
0
8.0
9.4
7.6
30.5
30.4
Dominican Republic
19,389
29,144
15,024
0.8
0.8
0.4
8.2
5.7
Ecuador
41,802
19,018
47,421
1.6
0.9
0.7
15.6
6.8
El Salvador
137,739
33,215
33,544
4.5
2.3
1.3
4.9
3.7
Grenada
937
907
0
5.6
3.0
4.1
3.7
5.6
Guatemala
173,925
69,751
104,133
2.2
1.5
1.1
4.0
3.6
Guyana
43,208
41,449
18,859
20.4
12.6
13.6
8.9
6.4
Haiti
100,262
153,004
124,941
19.6
12.5
7.8
7.0
6.9
Honduras
124,671
65,224
66,493
6.5
7.4
5.7
5.2
3.5
Jamaica
224,932
29,070
11,846
1.3
0.7
0.4
3.0
6.7
Mexico
117,702
9,944
504
0.1
0.1
0.0
8.6
1.8
Nicaragua
136,119
91,494
56,889
30.5
15.1
13.8
4.7
4.6
Panama
6,253
1,172
0
1.5
0.4
0.2
1.8
4.2
Paraguay
2,028
534
5
1.7
1.2
0.8
20.7
6.0
Peru
434,745
189,182
110,085
1.3
0.7
0.7
6.4
10.5
Saint Kitts and Nevis
671
756
0
4.3
2.2
2.0
1.5
–
Saint Lucia
0
1,809
0
4.8
4.9
1.6
28.6
28.4
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
0
1,714
0
6.5
8.1
1.7
–
37.2
Suriname
17,593
10,768
0
15.7
8.1
2.2
4.3
12.1
Trinidad and Tobago
0
0
0
0.2
0.4
0.0
0.2
0.6
Uruguay
4,110
0
0
0.5
0.2
0.1
6.8
3.0
Venezuela
0
0
1,435
0.1
0.0
0.1
0.4
6.8
MIDDLE EAST AND NORTH AFRICA
1,851,828
484,139
719,795
1.4
0.8
0.5
7.3
2.2
Algeria
24,770
29,734
36,628
0.5
0.6
0.4
1.4
2.4
Bahrain
0
0
0
1.6
0.9
0.6
11.9
0.9
Egypt
911,980
112,648
20,605
5.8
2.3
1.1
7.5
5.6
Iran, Islamic Rep. of
58,026
11,711
8,124
0.2
0.2
0.1
0.5
0.7
Iraq
62,615
75,503
151,545
–
–
–
0.4
0.5
Israel
1,005
0
0
2.3
1.3
–
0.0
–
Jordan
256,180
109,050
158,340
11.8
5.9
6.1
5.0
1.6
Kuwait
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
–
–
–
Lebanon
25,433
4,543
39,313
3.6
1.5
1.7
1.5
2.6
Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
0.1
–
6.4
Morocco
208,552
5,750
38,957
3.0
1.4
1.3
10.0
1.6
Occupied Palestinian Territories
37,658
31,754
130,845
–
–
–
–
–
Oman
0
0
0
0.4
0.4
0.1
4.0
1.1
Qatar
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
–
–
–
Saudi Arabia
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.4
Syria
33,105
27,411
14,413
3.3
1.4
0.4
–
–
Tunisia
149,914
13,089
473
2.0
0.8
1.3
18.2
1.8
United Arab Emirates
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
–
–
–
Yemen
82,589
62,947
120,552
1.7
4.1
2.8
4.5
5.2
EASTERN AND SOUTHERN EUROPE AND CIS
3,426,996
2,330,403
845,974
0.6
0.7
0.9
5.4
4.4
Albania
329,288
19,466
17,581
21.3
9.2
5.7
4.5
3.2
Armenia
105,547
185,188
44,211
21.1
13.4
8.0
7.7
11.3
Azerbaijan
47,989
127,997
36,435
5.3
3.8
3.0
10.4
10.5
Belarus
126,379
27,491
0
–
–
0.2
–
0.9
Bosnia and Herzegovina
220
58,121
35,959
–
18.8
7.4
2.5
1.5
Bulgaria
96,606
6,092
5,622
0.0
0.0
0.0
–
–
Croatia
2,385
14,811
0
0.4
0.3
0.4
2.0
3.0
Cyprus
0
0
22
0.6
0.2
–
–
–
Czech Republic
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
0.0
–
–
Estonia
83,814
0
0
0.0
0.0
0.0
–
–
Georgia
262,052
253,016
68,380
21.5
8.5
6.5
3.5
5.1
Hungary
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
0.0
–
–
Kazakhstan
14,214
2,750
759
0.4
0.7
0.7
0.6
0.8
Kyrgyzstan
53,196
85,309
52,955
11.7
16.4
11.5
20.0
8.8
Latvia
124,900
0
0
0.0
0.0
0.0
–
–
Lithuania
177,909
21,269
0
0.0
0.0
0.0
–
–
Macedonia, FYR
9,204
19,657
9,621
0.0
0.0
0.0
–
–
Malta
0
0
0
–
0.8
0.3
0.0
–
Moldova, Rep of
48,522
77,384
23,014
–
5.0
7.2
8.5
7.3
Poland
366,792
1
0
0.0
0.0
0.0
–
–
Romania
259,832
13
744
0.0
0.0
0.0
–
–
Russian Federation
937,920
963,017
241,682
0.0
0.0
0.0
–
–
Serbia and Montenegro
214,998
264,413
97,548
–
–
6.2
–
–
Slovakia
0
0
0
0.0
0.0
0.0
–
–
Slovenia
594
0
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.2
8.1
Tajikistan
48,263
133,675
122,281
5.3
10.5
11.9
16.6
10.1
Turkey
5,467
333
0
0.4
0.1
0.1
0.6
1.2
Turkmenistan
20,652
20,214
2,968
0.7
0.7
0.4
–
1.4
Ukraine
89,803
49,905
26,831
–
–
0.5
–
1.2
Uzbekistan
452
284
59,361
1.1
0.9
1.5
3.3
3.8
Indicator definitions and sources
Average annual food aid deliveries: Average annual food aid deliveries to recipient countries for the considered period. Cereals in tons of grain equivalent and non-cereals in actual tons.
Source: WFP, 2008a. Available at:https://www.wfp.org/interfais/index2.htm.ODA as a % of GDP: Official development assistance (ODA) disbursements (net of debt relief) as a percentage of GDP (both in current US$). Average for considered period.
Source: IMF, 2008d, and OECD.Stat website. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/statistics.% of ODA for agriculture: ODA commitments to agriculture as a percentage of total ODA commitments (both in current US$). Average for considered period.
Source: OECD.Stat website. Available at: https://www.oecd.org/statistics.