ABSTRACT
This chapter analyse the impacts of major categories of fisheries subsidies on fisheries resources in order to help inform the debate surrounding the disciplining of fisheries subsidies. Government provision of insurance programmes reduces the rates of insurance paid by the fishing industry thus increasing the numbers involved in the fishery. Some distant water fishing states negotiate fisheries agreements with coastal states that involve the granting of fishing rights conditional on financial payments. Experiences in many Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) fisheries have shown that a particularly effective approach to altering the economic incentive for a 'race of fish' can be the allocation of 'property Rights', in the form of individual transferable fishing quotas (ITQs), to fishers. In relatively small-scale fisheries, rights to fish can be allocated by local communities or cooperatives through systems of Territorial Use Rights in Fisheries (TURFs) or community-based management.
