ABSTRACT
Potential The influence and relevance of Pankaj Ghemawat’s “Distance Still Matters” and of the CAGE Distance Framework are likely to continue increasing in coming years. Research suggests that the diffusion of academic concepts usually takes at least a decade to gain momentum,1 so the article’s citation numbers will probably continue to grow. It is also reasonable to expect the pace of diffusion to increase once the number of studies that directly utilize the CAGE Distance Framework achieves a critical mass. The first to do so was a paper by Dovev Lavie and Stewart R. Miller in 2008, in which Ghemawat’s framework was used to study alliance portfolio internationalization.2 More recent examples include a paper by Ilgaz Arikan and Oded Shenkar on the role of distance in cross-border alliances (in 2013),3 and another by Oscar Martín Martín and Rian Drogendijk, in which the authors introduce a measurement scale for cross-country distance (in 2014).4 The concept of distance was also
employed in an article by Tatiana Kostova, Phillip C. Nell, and Anne K. Hoenen to theorize the different manifestations of a foreign subsidiary’s agency (2016),5 and by Alain Verbeke and Christian Geisler Asmussen to distinguish between the local, regional, and global reach of firm-specific advantages (in 2016).6
