Subject And Approach

Policy is enunciated in rhetoric; it is realized in action. The creators and managers of organizations formulate and promulgate policy pronouncements, but, as Simon has pointed out, “The actual physical task of carrying out an organization's objectives falls to the persons at the lowest level of the administrative hierarchy.” ¹ Hence,

In the study of organization, the operative employee must be at the focus of attention, for the success of the structure will be judged by his performance within it. Insight into the structure and function of an organization can best be gained by analyzing the manner in which the decisions and behavior of such employees are influenced within and by the organization. ²