ABSTRACT
This chapter begins with the basic assumption that the structure of the military "life-world" influences behavior in the sphere of moral judgment in the sense intended by L. Kohlberg. It suggests that conscripts within the military life-world judge situations which require moral judgment in a different way than do comparable groups who have not done military service. This assumption involves two concepts which need to be explained at the outset: life-world and situation. The concept of situation is a sub-category of the concept of life-world. Within a given life-world there is an abundance of different situations. To the concept of situation which dominates behavioristic-experimental psychology, the assumption of effective stimulus-response relationships which must be controllable in experimental situations is basic. It is evident at the outset that this is an extremely narrow concept of situation which, furthermore, refers only to constructed situations.
